Gene/Proteome Database (LMPD)

LMPD ID
LMP000655
Gene ID
Species
Homo sapiens (Human)
Gene Name
aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A2
Gene Symbol
Synonyms
RALDH(II); RALDH2; RALDH2-T
Alternate Names
retinal dehydrogenase 2; RALDH 2; retinaldehyde-specific dehydrogenase type 2
Chromosome
15
Map Location
15q21.3
EC Number
1.2.1.36
Summary
This protein belongs to the aldehyde dehydrogenase family of proteins. The product of this gene is an enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of retinoic acid (RA) from retinaldehyde. Retinoic acid, the active derivative of vitamin A (retinol), is a hormonal signaling molecule that functions in developing and adult tissues. The studies of a similar mouse gene suggest that this enzyme and the cytochrome CYP26A1, concurrently establish local embryonic retinoic acid levels which facilitate posterior organ development and prevent spina bifida. Four transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been identified for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, May 2011]
Orthologs

Proteins

retinal dehydrogenase 2 isoform 1
Refseq ID NP_003879
Protein GI 25777724
UniProt ID O94788
mRNA ID NM_003888
Length 518
RefSeq Status REVIEWED
MTSSKIEMPGEVKADPAALMASLHLLPSPTPNLEIKYTKIFINNEWQNSESGRVFPVYNPATGEQVCEVQEADKADIDKAVQAARLAFSLGSVWRRMDASERGRLLDKLADLVERDRAVLATMESLNGGKPFLQAFYVDLQGVIKTFRYYAGWADKIHGMTIPVDGDYFTFTRHEPIGVCGQIIPWNFPLLMFAWKIAPALCCGNTVVIKPAEQTPLSALYMGALIKEAGFPPGVINILPGYGPTAGAAIASHIGIDKIAFTGSTEVGKLIQEAAGRSNLKRVTLELGGKSPNIIFADADLDYAVEQAHQGVFFNQGQCCTAGSRIFVEESIYEEFVRRSVERAKRRVVGSPFDPTTEQGPQIDKKQYNKILELIQSGVAEGAKLECGGKGLGRKGFFIEPTVFSNVTDDMRIAKEEIFGPVQEILRFKTMDEVIERANNSDFGLVAAVFTNDINKALTVSSAMQAGTVWINCYNALNAQSPFGGFKMSGNGREMGEFGLREYSEVKTVTVKIPQKNS
retinal dehydrogenase 2 isoform 2
Refseq ID NP_733797
Protein GI 25777726
UniProt ID O94788
mRNA ID NM_170696
Length 480
RefSeq Status REVIEWED
MTSSKIEMPGEVKADPAALMASLHLLPSPTPNLEIKYTKIFINNEWQNSESGRVFPVYNPATGEQVCEVQEADKADIDKAVQAARLAFSLGSVWRRMDASERGRLLDKLADLVERDRAVLATMESLNGGKPFLQAFYVDLQGVIKTFRYYAGWADKIHGMTIPVDGDYFTFTRHEPIGVCGQIIPWNFPLLMFAWKIAPALCCGNTVVIKPAEQTPLSALYMGALIKEVGKLIQEAAGRSNLKRVTLELGGKSPNIIFADADLDYAVEQAHQGVFFNQGQCCTAGSRIFVEESIYEEFVRRSVERAKRRVVGSPFDPTTEQGPQIDKKQYNKILELIQSGVAEGAKLECGGKGLGRKGFFIEPTVFSNVTDDMRIAKEEIFGPVQEILRFKTMDEVIERANNSDFGLVAAVFTNDINKALTVSSAMQAGTVWINCYNALNAQSPFGGFKMSGNGREMGEFGLREYSEVKTVTVKIPQKNS
retinal dehydrogenase 2 isoform 3
Refseq ID NP_733798
Protein GI 25777728
UniProt ID O94788
mRNA ID NM_170697
Length 422
RefSeq Status REVIEWED
MDASERGRLLDKLADLVERDRAVLATMESLNGGKPFLQAFYVDLQGVIKTFRYYAGWADKIHGMTIPVDGDYFTFTRHEPIGVCGQIIPWNFPLLMFAWKIAPALCCGNTVVIKPAEQTPLSALYMGALIKEAGFPPGVINILPGYGPTAGAAIASHIGIDKIAFTGSTEVGKLIQEAAGRSNLKRVTLELGGKSPNIIFADADLDYAVEQAHQGVFFNQGQCCTAGSRIFVEESIYEEFVRRSVERAKRRVVGSPFDPTTEQGPQIDKKQYNKILELIQSGVAEGAKLECGGKGLGRKGFFIEPTVFSNVTDDMRIAKEEIFGPVQEILRFKTMDEVIERANNSDFGLVAAVFTNDINKALTVSSAMQAGTVWINCYNALNAQSPFGGFKMSGNGREMGEFGLREYSEVKTVTVKIPQKNS
retinal dehydrogenase 2 isoform 4
Refseq ID NP_001193826
Protein GI 332634711
UniProt ID O94788
mRNA ID NM_001206897
Length 497
RefSeq Status REVIEWED
MKNQCETVWLKSPIKLKLIFINNEWQNSESGRVFPVYNPATGEQVCEVQEADKADIDKAVQAARLAFSLGSVWRRMDASERGRLLDKLADLVERDRAVLATMESLNGGKPFLQAFYVDLQGVIKTFRYYAGWADKIHGMTIPVDGDYFTFTRHEPIGVCGQIIPWNFPLLMFAWKIAPALCCGNTVVIKPAEQTPLSALYMGALIKEAGFPPGVINILPGYGPTAGAAIASHIGIDKIAFTGSTEVGKLIQEAAGRSNLKRVTLELGGKSPNIIFADADLDYAVEQAHQGVFFNQGQCCTAGSRIFVEESIYEEFVRRSVERAKRRVVGSPFDPTTEQGPQIDKKQYNKILELIQSGVAEGAKLECGGKGLGRKGFFIEPTVFSNVTDDMRIAKEEIFGPVQEILRFKTMDEVIERANNSDFGLVAAVFTNDINKALTVSSAMQAGTVWINCYNALNAQSPFGGFKMSGNGREMGEFGLREYSEVKTVTVKIPQKNS

Gene Information

Entrez Gene ID
Gene Name
aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A2
Gene Symbol
Species
Homo sapiens

Gene Ontology (GO Annotations)

GO ID Source Type Description
GO:0005737 IDA:UniProtKB C cytoplasm
GO:0005829 IEA:Ensembl C cytosol
GO:0048471 IEA:Ensembl C perinuclear region of cytoplasm
GO:0004028 ISS:UniProtKB F 3-chloroallyl aldehyde dehydrogenase activity
GO:0016918 ISS:UniProtKB F retinal binding
GO:0001758 ISS:UniProtKB F retinal dehydrogenase activity
GO:0042904 IEA:Ensembl P 9-cis-retinoic acid biosynthetic process
GO:0009952 IEA:Ensembl P anterior/posterior pattern specification
GO:0001568 IEA:Ensembl P blood vessel development
GO:0048738 IEA:Ensembl P cardiac muscle tissue development
GO:0071300 IEA:Ensembl P cellular response to retinoic acid
GO:0009855 IEA:Ensembl P determination of bilateral symmetry
GO:0031076 IEA:Ensembl P embryonic camera-type eye development
GO:0048566 IEA:Ensembl P embryonic digestive tract development
GO:0035115 IEA:Ensembl P embryonic forelimb morphogenesis
GO:0060324 IEA:Ensembl P face development
GO:0003007 IEA:Ensembl P heart morphogenesis
GO:0030902 IEA:Ensembl P hindbrain development
GO:0001822 IEA:Ensembl P kidney development
GO:0001889 IEA:Ensembl P liver development
GO:0030324 IEA:Ensembl P lung development
GO:0007494 IEA:Ensembl P midgut development
GO:0016331 IEA:Ensembl P morphogenesis of embryonic epithelium
GO:0008285 IDA:UniProtKB P negative regulation of cell proliferation
GO:0014032 IEA:Ensembl P neural crest cell development
GO:0021915 IMP:UniProtKB P neural tube development
GO:0030182 IEA:Ensembl P neuron differentiation
GO:0031016 IEA:Ensembl P pancreas development
GO:0021983 IEA:Ensembl P pituitary gland development
GO:0043065 IEA:Ensembl P positive regulation of apoptotic process
GO:0008284 IEA:Ensembl P positive regulation of cell proliferation
GO:0010628 IEA:Ensembl P positive regulation of gene expression
GO:0009954 IEA:Ensembl P proximal/distal pattern formation
GO:0001936 IEA:Ensembl P regulation of endothelial cell proliferation
GO:0034097 IDA:UniProtKB P response to cytokine
GO:0032355 IEA:Ensembl P response to estradiol
GO:0033189 IEA:Ensembl P response to vitamin A
GO:0042574 IEA:Ensembl P retinal metabolic process
GO:0042573 ISS:UniProtKB P retinoic acid metabolic process
GO:0048384 IEA:Ensembl P retinoic acid receptor signaling pathway
GO:0042572 IEA:UniProtKB-UniPathway P retinol metabolic process
GO:0035799 IEA:Ensembl P ureter maturation
GO:0006776 NAS:UniProtKB P vitamin A metabolic process

KEGG Pathway Links

KEGG Pathway ID Description
hsa01100 Metabolic pathways
hsa00830 Retinol metabolism

Domain Information

InterPro Annotations

Accession Description
IPR016163 Aldehyde dehydrogenase, C-terminal
IPR016160 Aldehyde dehydrogenase, cysteine active site
IPR015590 Aldehyde dehydrogenase domain
IPR029510 Aldehyde dehydrogenase, glutamic acid active site
IPR016162 Aldehyde dehydrogenase N-terminal domain
IPR016161 Aldehyde/histidinol dehydrogenase

UniProt Annotations

Entry Information

Gene Name
aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A2
Protein Entry
AL1A2_HUMAN
UniProt ID
Species
Human

Comments

Comment Type Description
Alternative Products Event=Alternative splicing; Named isoforms=4; Name=1; IsoId=O94788-1; Sequence=Displayed; Name=2; IsoId=O94788-2; Sequence=VSP_017363; Note=No experimental confirmation available.; Name=3; IsoId=O94788-3; Sequence=VSP_044496; Note=No experimental confirmation available.; Name=4; IsoId=O94788-4; Sequence=VSP_047259;
Catalytic Activity Retinal + NAD(+) + H(2)O = retinoate + NADH.
Function Recognizes as substrates free retinal and cellular retinol-binding protein-bound retinal. Does metabolize octanal and decanal but does not metabolize citral, benzaldehyde, acetaldehyde and propanal efficiently (By similarity).
Pathway Cofactor metabolism; retinol metabolism.
Similarity Belongs to the aldehyde dehydrogenase family.
Subcellular Location Cytoplasm.
Subunit Homotetramer.
Web Resource Name=NIEHS-SNPs; URL="http://egp.gs.washington.edu/data/aldh1a2/";

Identical and Related Proteins

Unique RefSeq proteins for LMP000655 (as displayed in Record Overview)

Protein GI Database Accession Length Protein Name
25777724 RefSeq NP_003879 518 retinal dehydrogenase 2 isoform 1
25777726 RefSeq NP_733797 480 retinal dehydrogenase 2 isoform 2
25777728 RefSeq NP_733798 422 retinal dehydrogenase 2 isoform 3
332634711 RefSeq NP_001193826 497 retinal dehydrogenase 2 isoform 4

Identical Sequences to LMP000655 proteins

Reference Database Accession Length Protein Name
GI:25777726 GenBank AAH30589.1 480 Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A2 [Homo sapiens]
GI:25777724 GenBank ABC40749.1 518 aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A2 [Homo sapiens]
GI:25777724 GenBank EAW77528.1 518 aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A2, isoform CRA_a [Homo sapiens]
GI:25777726 GenBank EAW77529.1 480 aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A2, isoform CRA_b [Homo sapiens]
GI:25777726 GenBank ABM82494.1 480 aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A2 [synthetic construct]
GI:25777726 GenBank ABM85686.1 480 aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A2, partial [synthetic construct]
GI:25777724 GenBank AHE03578.1 518 Sequence 65663 from patent US 8586006
GI:25777726 GenBank AHE03579.1 480 Sequence 65664 from patent US 8586006
GI:25777728 GenBank AHE03580.1 422 Sequence 65665 from patent US 8586006
GI:25777724 SwissProt O94788.3 518 RecName: Full=Retinal dehydrogenase 2; Short=RALDH 2; Short=RalDH2; AltName: Full=Aldehyde dehydrogenase family 1 member A2; AltName: Full=Retinaldehyde-specific dehydrogenase type 2; Short=RALDH(II) [Homo sapiens]

Related Sequences to LMP000655 proteins

Reference Database Accession Length Protein Name
GI:25777724 DBBJ BAA34785.1 518 RALDH2 [Homo sapiens]
GI:25777724 DBBJ BAG54714.1 518 unnamed protein product [Homo sapiens]
GI:332634711 DBBJ BAG64174.1 497 unnamed protein product [Homo sapiens]
GI:332634711 GenBank ABC40749.1 518 aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A2 [Homo sapiens]
GI:25777728 GenBank ABC40749.1 518 aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A2 [Homo sapiens]
GI:25777728 GenBank EAW77528.1 518 aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A2, isoform CRA_a [Homo sapiens]
GI:332634711 GenBank EAW77528.1 518 aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A2, isoform CRA_a [Homo sapiens]
GI:25777728 GenBank EAW77530.1 518 aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A2, isoform CRA_c [Homo sapiens]
GI:25777724 GenBank ACM83709.1 532 Sequence 9207 from patent US 6812339
GI:25777728 GenBank AHE03578.1 518 Sequence 65663 from patent US 8586006
GI:25777726 GenBank AIC55485.1 480 ALDH1A2, partial [synthetic construct]
GI:25777728 RefSeq NP_003879.2 518 retinal dehydrogenase 2 isoform 1 [Homo sapiens]
GI:25777726 RefSeq XP_863880.1 480 PREDICTED: retinal dehydrogenase 2 isoform 2 [Canis lupus familiaris]
GI:25777726 RefSeq XP_001500469.1 480 PREDICTED: retinal dehydrogenase 2 isoform 2 [Equus caballus]
GI:332634711 RefSeq XP_003267081.1 497 PREDICTED: retinal dehydrogenase 2 isoform 3 [Nomascus leucogenys]
GI:25777724 RefSeq XP_003827933.1 518 PREDICTED: retinal dehydrogenase 2 isoform X1 [Pan paniscus]
GI:25777726 RefSeq XP_003827934.1 480 PREDICTED: retinal dehydrogenase 2 isoform X2 [Pan paniscus]
GI:25777724 RefSeq XP_003929025.1 518 PREDICTED: retinal dehydrogenase 2 isoform X1 [Saimiri boliviensis boliviensis]
GI:25777726 RefSeq XP_004056305.1 480 PREDICTED: retinal dehydrogenase 2 isoform 2 [Gorilla gorilla gorilla]
GI:332634711 RefSeq XP_004056306.1 497 PREDICTED: retinal dehydrogenase 2 isoform 3 [Gorilla gorilla gorilla]
GI:25777726 RefSeq XP_005559704.1 480 PREDICTED: retinal dehydrogenase 2 isoform X2 [Macaca fascicularis]
GI:25777724 RefSeq NP_001274018.1 518 retinal dehydrogenase 2 [Canis lupus familiaris]
GI:332634711 RefSeq XP_009248145.1 497 PREDICTED: retinal dehydrogenase 2 isoform X2 [Pongo abelii]
GI:25777728 SwissProt O94788.3 518 RecName: Full=Retinal dehydrogenase 2; Short=RALDH 2; Short=RalDH2; AltName: Full=Aldehyde dehydrogenase family 1 member A2; AltName: Full=Retinaldehyde-specific dehydrogenase type 2; Short=RALDH(II) [Homo sapiens]