Gene/Proteome Database (LMPD)

LMPD ID
LMP001081
Gene ID
5321
Species
Homo sapiens (Human)
Gene Name
phospholipase A2, group IVA (cytosolic, calcium-dependent)
Gene Symbol
PLA2G4A
Synonyms
PLA2G4; cPLA2-alpha
Alternate Names
cytosolic phospholipase A2; cPLA2; lysophospholipase; phospholipase A2 group IVA; phosphatidylcholine 2-acylhydrolase; calcium-dependent phospholipid-binding protein
Chromosome
1
Map Location
1q25
EC Number
3.1.1.4
Summary
This gene encodes a member of the cytosolic phospholipase A2 group IV family. The enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of membrane phospholipids to release arachidonic acid which is subsequently metabolized into eicosanoids. Eicosanoids, including prostaglandins and leukotrienes, are lipid-based cellular hormones that regulate hemodynamics, inflammatory responses, and other intracellular pathways. The hydrolysis reaction also produces lysophospholipids that are converted into platelet-activating factor. The enzyme is activated by increased intracellular Ca(2+) levels and phosphorylation, resulting in its translocation from the cytosol and nucleus to perinuclear membrane vesicles. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Orthologs
View orthologs and multiple alignments for PLA2G4A

Proteins

cytosolic phospholipase A2
Refseq ID NP_077734
Protein GI 23943920
UniProt ID P47712
mRNA ID NM_024420
Length 749
RefSeq Status REVIEWED
MSFIDPYQHIIVEHQYSHKFTVVVLRATKVTKGAFGDMLDTPDPYVELFISTTPDSRKRTRHFNNDINPVWNETFEFILDPNQENVLEITLMDANYVMDETLGTATFTVSSMKVGEKKEVPFIFNQVTEMVLEMSLEVCSCPDLRFSMALCDQEKTFRQQRKEHIRESMKKLLGPKNSEGLHSARDVPVVAILGSGGGFRAMVGFSGVMKALYESGILDCATYVAGLSGSTWYMSTLYSHPDFPEKGPEEINEELMKNVSHNPLLLLTPQKVKRYVESLWKKKSSGQPVTFTDIFGMLIGETLIHNRMNTTLSSLKEKVNTAQCPLPLFTCLHVKPDVSELMFADWVEFSPYEIGMAKYGTFMAPDLFGSKFFMGTVVKKYEENPLHFLMGVWGSAFSILFNRVLGVSGSQSRGSTMEEELENITTKHIVSNDSSDSDDESHEPKGTENEDAGSDYQSDNQASWIHRMIMALVSDSALFNTREGRAGKVHNFMLGLNLNTSYPLSPLSDFATQDSFDDDELDAAVADPDEFERIYEPLDVKSKKIHVVDSGLTFNLPYPLILRPQRGVDLIISFDFSARPSDSSPPFKELLLAEKWAKMNKLPFPKIDPYVFDREGLKECYVFKPKNPDMEKDCPTIIHFVLANINFRKYKAPGVPRETEEEKEIADFDIFDDPESPFSTFNFQYPNQAFKRLHDLMHFNTLNNIDVIKEAMVESIEYRRQNPSRCSVSLSNVEARRFFNKEFLSKPKA

Gene Information

Entrez Gene ID
5321
Gene Name
phospholipase A2, group IVA (cytosolic, calcium-dependent)
Gene Symbol
PLA2G4A
Species
Homo sapiens

Gene Ontology (GO Annotations)

GO ID Source Type Description
GO:0005794 IEA:Ensembl C Golgi apparatus
GO:0005737 IDA:HPA C cytoplasm
GO:0031410 IEA:UniProtKB-KW C cytoplasmic vesicle
GO:0005829 NAS:UniProtKB C cytosol
GO:0005789 TAS:Reactome C endoplasmic reticulum membrane
GO:0005743 TAS:Reactome C mitochondrial inner membrane
GO:0005509 IDA:UniProtKB F calcium ion binding
GO:0047498 EXP:Reactome F calcium-dependent phospholipase A2 activity
GO:0005544 IDA:UniProtKB F calcium-dependent phospholipid binding
GO:0004622 IEA:UniProtKB-EC F lysophospholipase activity
GO:0004623 IDA:UniProtKB F phospholipase A2 activity
GO:0019369 TAS:Reactome P arachidonic acid metabolic process
GO:0050482 IEA:Ensembl P arachidonic acid secretion
GO:0007596 TAS:Reactome P blood coagulation
GO:0035965 TAS:Reactome P cardiolipin acyl-chain remodeling
GO:0071236 IEA:Ensembl P cellular response to antibiotic
GO:0046474 TAS:Reactome P glycerophospholipid biosynthetic process
GO:0046456 IEA:Ensembl P icosanoid biosynthetic process
GO:0006690 NAS:UniProtKB P icosanoid metabolic process
GO:0006654 TAS:Reactome P phosphatidic acid biosynthetic process
GO:0036151 TAS:Reactome P phosphatidylcholine acyl-chain remodeling
GO:0036152 TAS:Reactome P phosphatidylethanolamine acyl-chain remodeling
GO:0036148 TAS:Reactome P phosphatidylglycerol acyl-chain remodeling
GO:0036149 TAS:Reactome P phosphatidylinositol acyl-chain remodeling
GO:0036150 TAS:Reactome P phosphatidylserine acyl-chain remodeling
GO:0009395 IEA:InterPro P phospholipid catabolic process
GO:0006644 TAS:Reactome P phospholipid metabolic process
GO:0006663 NAS:UniProtKB P platelet activating factor biosynthetic process
GO:0030168 TAS:Reactome P platelet activation
GO:0042127 IEA:Ensembl P regulation of cell proliferation
GO:0044281 TAS:Reactome P small molecule metabolic process

KEGG Pathway Links

KEGG Pathway ID Description
hsa04750 Inflammatory mediator regulation of TRP channels
hsa04921 Oxytocin signaling pathway
hsa04611 Platelet activation
hsa04014 Ras signaling pathway

Domain Information

InterPro Annotations

Accession Description
IPR016035 Acyl transferase/acyl hydrolase/lysophospholipase
IPR000008 C2 domain
IPR002642 Lysophospholipase, catalytic domain

UniProt Annotations

Entry Information

Gene Name
phospholipase A2, group IVA (cytosolic, calcium-dependent)
Protein Entry
PA24A_HUMAN
UniProt ID
P47712
Species
Human

Comments

Comment Type Description
Biophysicochemical Properties Kinetic parameters: Vmax=2.7 umol/min/mg enzyme for the phospholipase A2 reaction ; Vmax=4.6 umol/min/mg enzyme for the lysophosphatase reaction ;
Catalytic Activity 2-lysophosphatidylcholine + H(2)O = glycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate.
Catalytic Activity Phosphatidylcholine + H(2)O = 1- acylglycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate.
Disease Note=PLA2G4A mutations resulting in phospholipase A2 deficiency have been found in a patient affected by recurrent episodes of multiple complicated ulcers of the small intestine, not due to cyclooxygenase inhibitors use. Disease features also include platelet dysfunction, and globally decreased eicosanoid synthesis (PubMed:18451993).
Domain The N-terminal C2 domain associates with lipid membranes upon calcium binding. It modulates enzyme activity by presenting the active site to its substrate in response to elevations of cytosolic Ca(2+). {ECO
Enzyme Regulation Stimulated by agonists such as ATP, EGF, thrombin and bradykinin as well as by cytosolic Ca(2+).
Function Selectively hydrolyzes arachidonyl phospholipids in the sn-2 position releasing arachidonic acid. Together with its lysophospholipid activity, it is implicated in the initiation of the inflammatory response.
Ptm Activated by phosphorylation at both Ser-505 and Ser-727. {ECO
Similarity Contains 1 C2 domain. {ECO
Similarity Contains 1 PLA2c domain. {ECO
Subcellular Location Cytoplasm. Cytoplasmic vesicle. Note=Translocates to membrane vesicles in a calcium-dependent fashion.
Subunit Interacts with KAT5. {ECO
Tissue Specificity Expressed in various tissues such as macrophages, platelets, neutrophils, fibroblasts and lung endothelium.
Web Resource Name=Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology; URL="http://atlasgeneticsoncology.org/Genes/PLA2G4AID41733ch1q31.html";
Web Resource Name=NIEHS-SNPs; URL="http://egp.gs.washington.edu/data/pla2g4a/";

Identical and Related Proteins

Unique RefSeq proteins for LMP001081 (as displayed in Record Overview)

Protein GI Database Accession Length Protein Name
23943920 RefSeq NP_077734 749 cytosolic phospholipase A2

Identical Sequences to LMP001081 proteins

Reference Database Accession Length Protein Name
GI:23943920 GenBank JAA32018.1 749 phospholipase A2, group IVA (cytosolic, calcium-dependent) [Pan troglodytes]
GI:23943920 GenBank JAA42094.1 749 phospholipase A2, group IVA (cytosolic, calcium-dependent) [Pan troglodytes]
GI:23943920 GenBank JAA42095.1 749 phospholipase A2, group IVA (cytosolic, calcium-dependent) [Pan troglodytes]
GI:23943920 GenBank AHD71045.1 749 Sequence 4513 from patent US 8586006
GI:23943920 RefSeq XP_008966798.1 749 PREDICTED: cytosolic phospholipase A2 [Pan paniscus]
GI:23943920 RefSeq XP_009438040.1 749 PREDICTED: cytosolic phospholipase A2 [Pan troglodytes]

Related Sequences to LMP001081 proteins

Reference Database Accession Length Protein Name
GI:23943920 DBBJ BAF83025.1 749 unnamed protein product [Homo sapiens]
GI:23943920 RefSeq NP_001126164.1 749 cytosolic phospholipase A2 [Pongo abelii]
GI:23943920 RefSeq XP_004028114.1 749 PREDICTED: cytosolic phospholipase A2 isoform 1 [Gorilla gorilla gorilla]
GI:23943920 RefSeq XP_009238259.1 749 PREDICTED: cytosolic phospholipase A2 isoform X1 [Pongo abelii]
GI:23943920 SwissProt Q5R8A5.1 749 RecName: Full=Cytosolic phospholipase A2; Short=cPLA2; AltName: Full=Phospholipase A2 group IVA; Includes: RecName: Full=Phospholipase A2; AltName: Full=Phosphatidylcholine 2-acylhydrolase; Includes: RecName: Full=Lysophospholipase [Pongo abelii]
GI:23943920 SwissProt P47712.2 749 RecName: Full=Cytosolic phospholipase A2; Short=cPLA2; AltName: Full=Phospholipase A2 group IVA; Includes: RecName: Full=Phospholipase A2; AltName: Full=Phosphatidylcholine 2-acylhydrolase; Includes: RecName: Full=Lysophospholipase [Homo sapiens]