Gene/Proteome Database (LMPD)
Proteins
| free fatty acid receptor 3 | |
|---|---|
| Refseq ID | NP_005295 |
| Protein GI | 4885329 |
| UniProt ID | O14843 |
| mRNA ID | NM_005304 |
| Length | 346 |
| RefSeq Status | VALIDATED |
| MDTGPDQSYFSGNHWFVFSVYLLTFLVGLPLNLLALVVFVGKLQRRPVAVDVLLLNLTASDLLLLLFLPFRMVEAANGMHWPLPFILCPLSGFIFFTTIYLTALFLAAVSIERFLSVAHPLWYKTRPRLGQAGLVSVACWLLASAHCSVVYVIEFSGDISHSQGTNGTCYLEFRKDQLAILLPVRLEMAVVLFVVPLIITSYCYSRLVWILGRGGSHRRQRRVAGLLAATLLNFLVCFGPYNVSHVVGYICGESPAWRIYVTLLSTLNSCVDPFVYYFSSSGFQADFHELLRRLCGLWGQWQQESSMELKEQKGGEEQRADRPAERKTSEHSQGCGTGGQVACAES | |
Gene Information
Gene Ontology (GO Annotations)
| GO ID | Source | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0005887 | TAS:ProtInc | C | integral component of plasma membrane |
| GO:0005886 | IDA:UniProtKB | C | plasma membrane |
| GO:0004930 | IDA:UniProtKB | F | G-protein coupled receptor activity |
| GO:0008289 | IEA:UniProtKB-KW | F | lipid binding |
| GO:0007186 | IDA:UniProtKB | P | G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway |
| GO:0007193 | IDA:UniProtKB | P | adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway |
| GO:0071398 | IDA:UniProtKB | P | cellular response to fatty acid |
| GO:0006954 | IEA:UniProtKB-KW | P | inflammatory response |
| GO:0002385 | ISS:UniProtKB | P | mucosal immune response |
| GO:0045776 | ISS:UniProtKB | P | negative regulation of blood pressure |
| GO:0002879 | ISS:UniProtKB | P | positive regulation of acute inflammatory response to non-antigenic stimulus |
| GO:0032722 | ISS:UniProtKB | P | positive regulation of chemokine production |
| GO:0002720 | ISS:UniProtKB | P | positive regulation of cytokine production involved in immune response |
| GO:2001275 | ISS:UniProtKB | P | positive regulation of glucose import in response to insulin stimulus |
| GO:0046885 | ISS:UniProtKB | P | regulation of hormone biosynthetic process |
| GO:0014061 | ISS:UniProtKB | P | regulation of norepinephrine secretion |
| GO:0090276 | ISS:UniProtKB | P | regulation of peptide hormone secretion |
REACTOME Pathway Links
| REACTOME Pathway ID | Description |
|---|---|
| REACT_21268 | Free fatty acid receptors |
| REACT_19184 | GPCR downstream signaling |
| REACT_21340 | GPCR ligand binding |
Domain Information
UniProt Annotations
Entry Information
Comments
| Comment Type | Description |
|---|---|
| Function | G protein-coupled receptor that is activated by a major product of dietary fiber digestion, the short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and that plays a role in the regulation of whole-body energy homeostasis and in intestinal immunity. In omnivorous mammals, the short chain fatty acids acetate, propionate and butyrate are produced primarily by the gut microbiome that metabolizes dietary fibers. SCFAs serve as a source of energy but also act as signaling molecules. That G protein-coupled receptor is probably coupled to the pertussis toxin-sensitive, G(i/o)-alpha family of G proteins. Its activation results in the formation of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate, the mobilization of intracellular calcium, the phosphorylation of the MAPK3/ERK1 and MAPK1/ERK2 kinases and the inhibition of intracellular cAMP accumulation (PubMed:12711604). Activated by SCFAs and by beta-hydroxybutyrate, a ketone body produced by the liver upon starvation, it inhibits N-type calcium channels and modulates the activity of sympathetic neurons through a signaling cascade involving the beta and gamma subunits of its coupled G protein, phospholipase C and MAP kinases. Thereby, it may regulate energy expenditure through the control of the sympathetic nervous system that controls for instance heart rate. Upon activation by SCFAs accumulating in the intestine, it may also signal to the brain via neural circuits which in turn would regulate intestinal gluconeogenesis. May also control the production of hormones involved in whole-body energy homeostasis. May for instance, regulate blood pressure through renin secretion. May also regulate secretion of the PYY peptide by enteroendocrine cells and control gut motility, intestinal transit rate, and the harvesting of energy from SCFAs produced by gut microbiota. May also indirectly regulate the production of LEP/Leptin, a hormone acting on the CNS to inhibit food intake, in response to the presence of short-chain fatty acids in the intestine. Finally, may also play a role in glucose homeostasis. Besides its role in energy homeostasis, may play a role in intestinal immunity. May mediate the activation of the inflammatory and immune response by SCFAs in the gut, regulating the rapid production of chemokines and cytokines by intestinal epithelial cells. Among SCFAs, the fatty acids containing less than 6 carbons, the most potent activators are probably propionate, butyrate and pentanoate while acetate is a poor activator (PubMed:12496283, PubMed:12711604). {ECO |
| Polymorphism | The 6 amino acid differences at positions 44, 45, 174, 227, 256 and 346 between GPR42 and FFAR3, are polymorphic in the human population. The frequency of the probable inactive allele of FFAR3, with a Trp at position 174 was estimated to 1%. |
| Similarity | Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family. |
| Subcellular Location | Cell membrane ; Multi-pass membrane protein . |
| Tissue Specificity | Highest level in adipose tissue, and lower expression across all tissues tested. Expressed in sympathetic ganglia. {ECO |
Identical and Related Proteins
Unique RefSeq proteins for LMP003736 (as displayed in Record Overview)
| Protein GI | Database | Accession | Length | Protein Name |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4885329 | RefSeq | NP_005295 | 346 | free fatty acid receptor 3 |
Identical Sequences to LMP003736 proteins
| Reference | Database | Accession | Length | Protein Name |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GI:4885329 | GenBank | ABM82161.1 | 346 | free fatty acid receptor 3 [synthetic construct] |
| GI:4885329 | GenBank | ABM85345.1 | 346 | free fatty acid receptor 3, partial [synthetic construct] |
| GI:4885329 | GenBank | AAI48270.1 | 346 | Free fatty acid receptor 3 [Homo sapiens] |
| GI:4885329 | GenBank | ACH30194.1 | 346 | Sequence 254 from patent US 7410777 |
| GI:4885329 | GenBank | ADR83144.1 | 346 | free fatty acid receptor 3 (FFAR3), partial [synthetic construct] |
| GI:4885329 | GenBank | AIC48876.1 | 346 | FFAR3, partial [synthetic construct] |
Related Sequences to LMP003736 proteins
| Reference | Database | Accession | Length | Protein Name |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GI:4885329 | DBBJ | BAF83399.1 | 346 | unnamed protein product [Homo sapiens] |
| GI:4885329 | DBBJ | BAG73168.1 | 346 | free fatty acid receptor 3, partial [synthetic construct] |
| GI:4885329 | GenBank | AAE63922.1 | 401 | Sequence 2 from patent US 6207800 |
| GI:4885329 | GenBank | AAP64877.1 | 346 | Sequence 274 from patent US 6555339 |
| GI:4885329 | GenBank | ABY87914.1 | 346 | free fatty acid receptor 3 [Homo sapiens] |
| GI:4885329 | GenBank | ACH30199.1 | 346 | Sequence 274 from patent US 7410777 |