Gene/Proteome Database (LMPD)
LMPD ID
LMP009785
Gene ID
Species
Arabidopsis thaliana (Arabidopsis)
Gene Name
acyl-coenzyme A oxidase 4
Gene Symbol
Synonyms
acyl-CoA oxidase 4; ATG6; ATSCX; SHORT-CHAIN ACYL COA OXIDASE
Alternate Names
acyl-coenzyme A oxidase 4
Chromosome
3
EC Number
1.3.3.6
Summary
Encodes a short-chain acyl-CoA oxidase, which catalyzes the first step of peroxisomal fatty acid beta-oxidation during early, post-germinative growth in oilseed species. Null mutants virtually lack short-chain acyl-CoA and are resistant to 2,4-dichlorophenoxybutyric acid, which is converted to the herbicide and auxin analogue 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid by beta-oxidation. Despite the almost complete loss of short-chain activity, lipid catabolism and seedling growth and establishment was unaltered in the acx4 mutant. However, double mutants in acx3acx4 (acx3 encodes medium chain acyl CoA oxidase) were not viable and arrested during embryogenesis.
Orthologs
Proteins
| acyl-coenzyme A oxidase 4 | |
|---|---|
| Refseq ID | NP_190752 |
| Protein GI | 15231059 |
| UniProt ID | Q96329 |
| mRNA ID | NM_115043 |
| Length | 436 |
| RefSeq Status | REVIEWED |
| MAVLSSADRASNEKKVKSSYFDLPPMEMSVAFPQATPASTFPPCTSDYYHFNDLLTPEEQAIRKKVRECMEKEVAPIMTEYWEKAEFPFHITPKLGAMGVAGGSIKGYGCPGLSITANAIATAEIARVDASCSTFILVHSSLGMLTIALCGSEAQKEKYLPSLAQLNTVACWALTEPDNGSDASGLGTTATKVEGGWKINGQKRWIGNSTFADLLIIFARNTTTNQINGFIVKKDAPGLKATKIPNKIGLRMVQNGDILLQNVFVPDEDRLPGVNSFQDTSKVLAVSRVMVAWQPIGISMGIYDMCHRYLKERKQFGAPLAAFQLNQQKLVQMLGNVQAMFLMGWRLCKLYETGQMTPGQASLGKAWISSKARETASLGRELLGGNGILADFLVAKAFCDLEPIYTYEGTYDINTLVTGREVTGIASFKPATRSRL | |
Gene Information
Entrez Gene ID
Gene Name
acyl-coenzyme A oxidase 4
Gene Symbol
Species
Arabidopsis thaliana
Gene Ontology (GO Annotations)
| GO ID | Source | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0009514 | IEA:UniProtKB-KW | C | glyoxysome |
| GO:0005777 | IDA:TAIR | C | peroxisome |
| GO:0003995 | IEA:InterPro | F | acyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity |
| GO:0003997 | IDA:TAIR | F | acyl-CoA oxidase activity |
| GO:0050660 | IEA:InterPro | F | flavin adenine dinucleotide binding |
| GO:0009793 | IGI:TAIR | P | embryo development ending in seed dormancy |
| GO:0006635 | IDA:TAIR | P | fatty acid beta-oxidation |
| GO:0046459 | TAS:TAIR | P | short-chain fatty acid metabolic process |
KEGG Pathway Links
| KEGG Pathway ID | Description |
|---|---|
| ath01040 | Biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids |
| ath_M00113 | Jasmonic acid biosynthesis |
| ath04146 | Peroxisome |
| ath_M00087 | beta-Oxidation |
Domain Information
InterPro Annotations
| Accession | Description |
|---|---|
| IPR006089 | Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, conserved site |
| IPR009075 | Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase/oxidase C-terminal |
| IPR013786 | Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase/oxidase, N-terminal |
| IPR009100 | Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase/oxidase, N-terminal and middle domain |
| IPR006091 | Acyl-CoA oxidase/dehydrogenase, central domain |
UniProt Annotations
Entry Information
Comments
| Comment Type | Description |
|---|---|
| Biophysicochemical Properties | Kinetic parameters: KM=8.3 uM for hexanoyl-CoA; pH dependence: Optimum pH is 8.5-9.0.; |
| Catalytic Activity | Acyl-CoA + O(2) = trans-2,3-dehydroacyl-CoA + H(2)O(2). |
| Cofactor | Name=FAD; Xref=ChEBI:CHEBI:57692; |
| Developmental Stage | Induced by seed imbibition with a peak at day 5 to 7. Decreases after illumination but still detectable 5 days after illumination. |
| Function | Catalyzes the desaturation of short-chain acyl-CoAs to 2-trans-enoyl-CoAs. Active on butyryl-CoA (C4), hexanoyl-CoA (C6), and octanoyl-CoA (C8). Has no activity as acyl-CoA dehydrogenase or on crotonyl-CoA (an unsaturated C4:1 carbocyclic ester) or glutaryl-CoA (a dicarboxylic ester). |
| Induction | Induced by dehydration and abscisic acid (ABA). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:15141068}. |
| Similarity | Belongs to the acyl-CoA dehydrogenase family. {ECO:0000305}. |
| Subcellular Location | Glyoxysome. Peroxisome. |
| Subunit | Homotetramer. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:16887802}. |
| Tissue Specificity | Particularly abundant in etiolated cotyledons. Also present in flowers, roots and siliques, but not detected in green cotyledons, rosette leaves and stems. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10212254}. |
Identical and Related Proteins
Unique RefSeq proteins for LMP009785 (as displayed in Record Overview)
| Protein GI | Database | Accession | Length | Protein Name |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 15231059 | RefSeq | NP_190752 | 436 | acyl-coenzyme A oxidase 4 |
Identical Sequences to LMP009785 proteins
| Reference | Database | Accession | Length | Protein Name |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GI:15231059 | GenBank | ACW97308.1 | 436 | Sequence 17536 from patent US 7569389 |
| GI:15231059 | GenBank | ACW97806.1 | 436 | Sequence 18215 from patent US 7569389 |
| GI:15231059 | GenBank | ACW99686.1 | 436 | Sequence 20780 from patent US 7569389 |
| GI:15231059 | GenBank | AEE78851.1 | 436 | acyl-coenzyme A oxidase 4 [Arabidopsis thaliana] |
| GI:15231059 | GenBank | AGD17991.1 | 436 | Sequence 15447 from patent US 8343764 |
| GI:15231059 | PDB | 2IX5 | 436 | Chain D, Short Chain Specific Acyl-Coa Oxidase From Arabidopsis Thaliana, Acx4 In Complex With Acetoacetyl-Coa |
Related Sequences to LMP009785 proteins
| Reference | Database | Accession | Length | Protein Name |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GI:15231059 | PDB | 2IX6 | 449 | Chain A, Short Chain Specific Acyl-Coa Oxidase From Arabidopsis Thaliana, Acx4 |
| GI:15231059 | PDB | 2IX6 | 449 | Chain B, Short Chain Specific Acyl-Coa Oxidase From Arabidopsis Thaliana, Acx4 |
| GI:15231059 | PDB | 2IX6 | 449 | Chain C, Short Chain Specific Acyl-Coa Oxidase From Arabidopsis Thaliana, Acx4 |
| GI:15231059 | PDB | 2IX6 | 449 | Chain D, Short Chain Specific Acyl-Coa Oxidase From Arabidopsis Thaliana, Acx4 |
| GI:15231059 | PDB | 2IX6 | 449 | Chain E, Short Chain Specific Acyl-Coa Oxidase From Arabidopsis Thaliana, Acx4 |
| GI:15231059 | PDB | 2IX6 | 449 | Chain F, Short Chain Specific Acyl-Coa Oxidase From Arabidopsis Thaliana, Acx4 |