5-O-Demethylnobiletin is a flavonoid that has been found in S. tragoriganum and has diverse biological activities.^1,2,3,4 It induces neurite outgrowth and the expression of the genes encoding the neuronal differentiation and synapse formation markers growth-associated protein 43 (GAP43) and synaptophysin in PC12 cells when used at concentrations ranging from 10 to 20 µM.¹ 5-O-Demethylnobiletin (2.5-20 µM) reduces triglyceride levels in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and decreases body weight, intra-abdominal fat, plasma and liver triglyceride levels, and plasma cholesterol levels in a mouse model of high-fat diet-induced obesity when administered at a dose of 25 mg/kg.² It reduces hepatic fibrosis and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in a mouse model of carbon tetrachloride-induced liver injury.³ 5-O-Demethylnobiletin also reduces ear edema, inflammatory cell infiltration, and papillar fibrosis in a mouse model of inflammation induced by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (TPA).⁴