Gene/Proteome Database (LMPD)

LMPD ID
LMP001558
Gene ID
Species
Homo sapiens (Human)
Gene Name
peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma
Gene Symbol
Synonyms
CIMT1; GLM1; NR1C3; PPARG1; PPARG2; PPARgamma
Chromosome
3
Map Location
3p25
Summary
This gene encodes a member of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) subfamily of nuclear receptors. PPARs form heterodimers with retinoid X receptors (RXRs) and these heterodimers regulate transcription of various genes. Three subtypes of PPARs are known: PPAR-alpha, PPAR-delta, and PPAR-gamma. The protein encoded by this gene is PPAR-gamma and is a regulator of adipocyte differentiation. Additionally, PPAR-gamma has been implicated in the pathology of numerous diseases including obesity, diabetes, atherosclerosis and cancer. Alternatively spliced transcript variants that encode different isoforms have been described. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Orthologs

Proteins

peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma isoform 1
Refseq ID NP_005028
Protein GI 116284368
UniProt ID P37231
mRNA ID NM_005037
Length 477
RefSeq Status REVIEWED
MTMVDTEMPFWPTNFGISSVDLSVMEDHSHSFDIKPFTTVDFSSISTPHYEDIPFTRTDPVVADYKYDLKLQEYQSAIKVEPASPPYYSEKTQLYNKPHEEPSNSLMAIECRVCGDKASGFHYGVHACEGCKGFFRRTIRLKLIYDRCDLNCRIHKKSRNKCQYCRFQKCLAVGMSHNAIRFGRMPQAEKEKLLAEISSDIDQLNPESADLRALAKHLYDSYIKSFPLTKAKARAILTGKTTDKSPFVIYDMNSLMMGEDKIKFKHITPLQEQSKEVAIRIFQGCQFRSVEAVQEITEYAKSIPGFVNLDLNDQVTLLKYGVHEIIYTMLASLMNKDGVLISEGQGFMTREFLKSLRKPFGDFMEPKFEFAVKFNALELDDSDLAIFIAVIILSGDRPGLLNVKPIEDIQDNLLQALELQLKLNHPESSQLFAKLLQKMTDLRQIVTEHVQLLQVIKKTETDMSLHPLLQEIYKDLY
peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma isoform 1
Refseq ID NP_619725
Protein GI 116284373
UniProt ID P37231
mRNA ID NM_138711
Length 477
RefSeq Status REVIEWED
Protein sequence is identical to GI:116284368 (mRNA isoform)
peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma isoform 1
Refseq ID NP_619726
Protein GI 116284370
UniProt ID P37231
mRNA ID NM_138712
Length 477
RefSeq Status REVIEWED
Protein sequence is identical to GI:116284368 (mRNA isoform)
peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma isoform 2
Refseq ID NP_056953
Protein GI 20336229
UniProt ID P37231
mRNA ID NM_015869
Length 505
RefSeq Status REVIEWED
MGETLGDSPIDPESDSFTDTLSANISQEMTMVDTEMPFWPTNFGISSVDLSVMEDHSHSFDIKPFTTVDFSSISTPHYEDIPFTRTDPVVADYKYDLKLQEYQSAIKVEPASPPYYSEKTQLYNKPHEEPSNSLMAIECRVCGDKASGFHYGVHACEGCKGFFRRTIRLKLIYDRCDLNCRIHKKSRNKCQYCRFQKCLAVGMSHNAIRFGRMPQAEKEKLLAEISSDIDQLNPESADLRALAKHLYDSYIKSFPLTKAKARAILTGKTTDKSPFVIYDMNSLMMGEDKIKFKHITPLQEQSKEVAIRIFQGCQFRSVEAVQEITEYAKSIPGFVNLDLNDQVTLLKYGVHEIIYTMLASLMNKDGVLISEGQGFMTREFLKSLRKPFGDFMEPKFEFAVKFNALELDDSDLAIFIAVIILSGDRPGLLNVKPIEDIQDNLLQALELQLKLNHPESSQLFAKLLQKMTDLRQIVTEHVQLLQVIKKTETDMSLHPLLQEIYKDLY

Gene Information

Entrez Gene ID
Gene Name
peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma
Gene Symbol
Species
Homo sapiens

Gene Ontology (GO Annotations)

GO ID Source Type Description
GO:0005829 ISS:BHF-UCL C cytosol
GO:0005654 TAS:Reactome C nucleoplasm
GO:0005634 IDA:BHF-UCL C nucleus
GO:0003677 IDA:UniProtKB F DNA binding
GO:0001012 IEA:Ensembl F RNA polymerase II regulatory region DNA binding
GO:0001228 IEA:Ensembl F RNA polymerase II transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity involved in positive regulation of transcription
GO:0033613 IDA:BHF-UCL F activating transcription factor binding
GO:0050544 ISS:BHF-UCL F arachidonic acid binding
GO:0003682 ISS:UniProtKB F chromatin binding
GO:0008144 IDA:BHF-UCL F drug binding
GO:0019899 IPI:UniProtKB F enzyme binding
GO:0004879 IDA:BHF-UCL F ligand-activated sequence-specific DNA binding RNA polymerase II transcription factor activity
GO:0030374 IDA:UniProtKB F ligand-dependent nuclear receptor transcription coactivator activity
GO:0004955 TAS:BHF-UCL F prostaglandin receptor activity
GO:0046965 IDA:BHF-UCL F retinoid X receptor binding
GO:0043565 IEA:InterPro F sequence-specific DNA binding
GO:0003700 IDA:BHF-UCL F sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity
GO:0003707 IEA:InterPro F steroid hormone receptor activity
GO:0044212 IDA:BHF-UCL F transcription regulatory region DNA binding
GO:0008270 IEA:InterPro F zinc ion binding
GO:0007186 TAS:GOC P G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway
GO:0006919 IDA:BHF-UCL P activation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process
GO:0050873 IEA:Ensembl P brown fat cell differentiation
GO:0045165 ISS:BHF-UCL P cell fate commitment
GO:0048469 IDA:BHF-UCL P cell maturation
GO:0032869 IMP:BHF-UCL P cellular response to insulin stimulus
GO:0071285 IEA:Ensembl P cellular response to lithium ion
GO:0030855 ISS:BHF-UCL P epithelial cell differentiation
GO:0019395 IEA:Ensembl P fatty acid oxidation
GO:0010467 TAS:Reactome P gene expression
GO:0042593 IMP:BHF-UCL P glucose homeostasis
GO:0007507 IEA:Ensembl P heart development
GO:0045087 TAS:BHF-UCL P innate immune response
GO:0055088 TAS:BHF-UCL P lipid homeostasis
GO:0006629 TAS:ProtInc P lipid metabolic process
GO:0042953 IDA:BHF-UCL P lipoprotein transport
GO:0015909 ISS:BHF-UCL P long-chain fatty acid transport
GO:0045713 IDA:BHF-UCL P low-density lipoprotein particle receptor biosynthetic process
GO:0030224 IDA:BHF-UCL P monocyte differentiation
GO:0002674 IEA:Ensembl P negative regulation of acute inflammatory response
GO:0030308 IEA:Ensembl P negative regulation of cell growth
GO:0010887 IDA:BHF-UCL P negative regulation of cholesterol storage
GO:0060336 IMP:BHF-UCL P negative regulation of interferon-gamma-mediated signaling pathway
GO:0010745 IDA:BHF-UCL P negative regulation of macrophage derived foam cell differentiation
GO:0010871 IDA:BHF-UCL P negative regulation of receptor biosynthetic process
GO:0010891 IDA:BHF-UCL P negative regulation of sequestering of triglyceride
GO:0048662 IDA:BHF-UCL P negative regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation
GO:0051974 IEA:Ensembl P negative regulation of telomerase activity
GO:0000122 IDA:BHF-UCL P negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter
GO:0045892 ISS:BHF-UCL P negative regulation of transcription, DNA-templated
GO:0031100 IEA:Ensembl P organ regeneration
GO:0035357 IMP:BHF-UCL P peroxisome proliferator activated receptor signaling pathway
GO:0001890 ISS:BHF-UCL P placenta development
GO:0045600 ISS:HGNC P positive regulation of fat cell differentiation
GO:0046321 IEA:Ensembl P positive regulation of fatty acid oxidation
GO:0048714 IEA:Ensembl P positive regulation of oligodendrocyte differentiation
GO:0051091 IDA:BHF-UCL P positive regulation of sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity
GO:0045944 IDA:UniProtKB P positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter
GO:0045893 ISS:BHF-UCL P positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated
GO:0008217 IMP:BHF-UCL P regulation of blood pressure
GO:0060694 IC:BHF-UCL P regulation of cholesterol transporter activity
GO:0060850 ISS:UniProtKB P regulation of transcription involved in cell fate commitment
GO:0031000 IEA:Ensembl P response to caffeine
GO:0009409 IEA:Ensembl P response to cold
GO:0042493 IEA:Ensembl P response to drug
GO:0043627 IEA:Ensembl P response to estrogen
GO:0033993 ISS:BHF-UCL P response to lipid
GO:0055098 IDA:BHF-UCL P response to low-density lipoprotein particle
GO:0007584 TAS:ProtInc P response to nutrient
GO:0032526 IDA:UniProtKB P response to retinoic acid
GO:0033189 IEA:Ensembl P response to vitamin A
GO:0007165 IDA:BHF-UCL P signal transduction
GO:0006367 TAS:Reactome P transcription initiation from RNA polymerase II promoter
GO:0050872 TAS:UniProtKB P white fat cell differentiation

KEGG Pathway Links

KEGG Pathway ID Description
hsa04152 AMPK signaling pathway

Domain Information

InterPro Annotations

Accession Description
IPR008946 Nuclear hormone receptor, ligand-binding
IPR000536 Nuclear hormone receptor, ligand-binding, core
IPR003074 Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor
IPR022590 Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, N-terminal
IPR003077 Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor, gamma
IPR001723 Steroid hormone receptor
IPR013088 Zinc finger, NHR/GATA-type
IPR001628 Zinc finger, nuclear hormone receptor-type

UniProt Annotations

Entry Information

Gene Name
peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma
Protein Entry
PPARG_HUMAN
UniProt ID
Species
Human

Comments

Comment Type Description
Alternative Products Event=Alternative splicing; Named isoforms=3; Comment=Additional isoforms seem to exist.; Name=2; IsoId=P37231-1; Sequence=Displayed; Name=1; Synonyms=PPARgamma1(wt); IsoId=P37231-2; Sequence=VSP_003645; Name=3; Synonyms=PPARgamma1(tr); IsoId=P37231-3; Sequence=VSP_003645, VSP_043906, VSP_043907; Note=Exhibits dominant negative activity over isoform 1.;
Disease Glioma 1 (GLM1) [MIM
Disease Lipodystrophy, familial partial, 3 (FPLD3) [MIM
Disease Note=Defects in PPARG can lead to type 2 insulin- resistant diabetes and hyptertension. PPARG mutations may be associated with colon cancer.
Disease Obesity (OBESITY) [MIM
Enzyme Regulation PDPK1 activates its transcriptional activity independently of its kinase activity.
Function Nuclear receptor that binds peroxisome proliferators such as hypolipidemic drugs and fatty acids. Once activated by a ligand, the nuclear receptor binds to DNA specific PPAR response elements (PPRE) and modulates the transcription of its target genes, such as acyl-CoA oxidase. It therefore controls the peroxisomal beta-oxidation pathway of fatty acids. Key regulator of adipocyte differentiation and glucose homeostasis. ARF6 acts as a key regulator of the tissue-specific adipocyte P2 (aP2) enhancer. Acts as a critical regulator of gut homeostasis by suppressing NF-kappa-B-mediated proinflammatory responses. {ECO
Interaction Q00535:CDK5; NbExp=2; IntAct=EBI-781416, EBI-1041567; P10909:CLU; NbExp=3; IntAct=EBI-781384, EBI-1104674; O60869:EDF1; NbExp=4; IntAct=EBI-781384, EBI-781301; P42858:HTT; NbExp=4; IntAct=EBI-781384, EBI-466029; Q6STE5-1:SMARCD3; NbExp=3; IntAct=EBI-781384, EBI-488506; Q6STE5-2:SMARCD3; NbExp=3; IntAct=EBI-781384, EBI-488511;
Polymorphism Genetic variation in PPARG may influence body mass index (BMI) [MIM
Polymorphism Genetic variations in PPARG influence the carotid intimal medial thickness (CIMT) [MIM
Ptm O-GlcNAcylation at Thr-84 reduces transcriptional activity in adipocytes.
Ptm Phosphorylated in basal conditions and dephosphorylated when treated with the ligand. May be dephosphorylated by PPP5C. The phosphorylated form may be inactive and dephosphorylation at Ser- 112 induces adipogenic activity (By similarity).
Sequence Caution Sequence=AAN38992.2; Type=Erroneous initiation; Note=Translation N-terminally extended.; Evidence= ; Sequence=BAA23354.1; Type=Erroneous gene model prediction; Evidence= ; Sequence=BAF83270.1; Type=Erroneous initiation; Note=Translation N-terminally extended.; Evidence= ; Sequence=CAA62153.1; Type=Erroneous initiation; Note=Translation N-terminally extended.; Evidence= ;
Similarity Belongs to the nuclear hormone receptor family. NR1 subfamily.
Similarity Contains 1 nuclear receptor DNA-binding domain.
Subcellular Location Nucleus. Cytoplasm. Note=Redistributed from the nucleus to the cytosol through a MAP2K1/MEK1-dependent manner. CCRN4L/NOC enhances its nuclear translocation.
Subunit Interacts with FOXO1 (acetylated form) (By similarity). Heterodimer with other nuclear receptors, such as RXRA. The heterodimer with the retinoic acid receptor RXRA is called adipocyte-specific transcription factor ARF6. Interacts with NCOA6 coactivator, leading to a strong increase in transcription of target genes. Interacts with coactivator PPARBP, leading to a mild increase in transcription of target genes. Interacts with NOCA7 in a ligand-inducible manner. Interacts with NCOA1 and NCOA2 LXXLL motifs. Interacts with ASXL1, ASXL2, DNTTIP2, FAM120B, MAP2K1/MEK1, NR0B2, PDPK1, PRDM16, PRMT2 and TGFB1I1. Interacts (when activated by agonist) with PPP5C. Interacts with HELZ2 and THRAP3; the interaction stimulates the transcriptional activity of PPARG. Interacts with PER2, the interaction is ligand dependent and blocks PPARG recruitment to target promoters. Interacts with CCRN4L/NOC. {ECO
Tissue Specificity Highest expression in adipose tissue. Lower in skeletal muscle, spleen, heart and liver. Also detectable in placenta, lung and ovary.
Web Resource Name=Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology; URL="http://atlasgeneticsoncology.org/Genes/PPARGID383ch3p25.html";
Web Resource Name=SHMPD; Note=The Singapore human mutation and polymorphism database; URL="http://shmpd.bii.a-star.edu.sg/gene.php?genestart=A&genename=PPARG";
Web Resource Name=SeattleSNPs; URL="http://pga.gs.washington.edu/data/pparg/";
Web Resource Name=Wikipedia; Note=Peroxisome proliferator- activated receptor entry; URL="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peroxisome_proliferator-activated_receptor";

Identical and Related Proteins

Unique RefSeq proteins for LMP001558 (as displayed in Record Overview)

Protein GI Database Accession Length Protein Name
116284368 RefSeq NP_005028 477 peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma isoform 1
20336229 RefSeq NP_056953 505 peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma isoform 2

Identical Sequences to LMP001558 proteins

Reference Database Accession Length Protein Name
GI:20336229 DBBJ BAG70300.1 505 peroxisome proliferative activated receptor gamma isoform 2, partial [Homo sapiens]
GI:116284368 DBBJ BAM71699.1 477 peroxisome proliferative activated receptor gamma [Homo sapiens]
GI:20336229 EMBL CBX54350.1 505 unnamed protein product [Homo sapiens]
GI:20336229 GenBank ADS73653.1 505 Sequence 122 from patent US 7811794
GI:116284368 GenBank ADS73655.1 477 Sequence 124 from patent US 7811794
GI:116284368 GenBank ADZ17377.1 477 peroxisome proliferator-activated nuclear receptor gamma variant 1 [Homo sapiens]
GI:116284368 GenBank AGV85362.1 477 Sequence 3 from patent US 8524455
GI:20336229 GenBank AHD74353.1 505 Sequence 13719 from patent US 8586006
GI:20336229 GenBank AHE19855.1 505 Sequence 15 from patent US 8574635
GI:20336229 GenBank AHE19863.1 505 Sequence 38 from patent US 8574635
GI:116284368 GenBank AIC49442.1 477 PPARG, partial [synthetic construct]
GI:116284368 RefSeq XP_006713271.1 477 PREDICTED: peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma isoform X1 [Homo sapiens]

Related Sequences to LMP001558 proteins

Reference Database Accession Length Protein Name
GI:116284368 EMBL CBX54350.1 505 unnamed protein product [Homo sapiens]
GI:116284368 GenBank AAB04028.1 505 peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma 2 [Homo sapiens]
GI:116284368 GenBank AAO66458.1 584 CREB3L2-PPARgamma [Homo sapiens]
GI:116284368 GenBank AAU95904.1 505 Sequence 16 from patent US 6723506
GI:116284368 GenBank EAW64124.1 505 peroxisome proliferative activated receptor, gamma, isoform CRA_b [Homo sapiens]
GI:20336229 GenBank ABP29974.1 750 Sequence 3 from patent US 7193075
GI:20336229 GenBank ACM84122.1 521 Sequence 9620 from patent US 6812339
GI:20336229 GenBank ACM84123.1 521 Sequence 9621 from patent US 6812339
GI:116284368 GenBank ADS73653.1 505 Sequence 122 from patent US 7811794
GI:20336229 RefSeq NP_001028032.1 505 peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma [Macaca mulatta]
GI:20336229 RefSeq XP_003265037.1 505 PREDICTED: peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma isoform 2 [Nomascus leucogenys]
GI:20336229 RefSeq XP_004033680.1 505 PREDICTED: peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma isoform 2 [Gorilla gorilla gorilla]