Gene/Proteome Database (LMPD)

LMPD ID
LMP006663
Gene ID
32
Species
Homo sapiens (Human)
Gene Name
acetyl-CoA carboxylase beta
Gene Symbol
ACACB
Synonyms
ACC2; ACCB; HACC275
Alternate Names
acetyl-CoA carboxylase 2; ACC-beta; acetyl-Coenzyme A carboxylase beta
Chromosome
12
Map Location
12q24.11
EC Number
6.4.1.2
Summary
Acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) is a complex multifunctional enzyme system. ACC is a biotin-containing enzyme which catalyzes the carboxylation of acetyl-CoA to malonyl-CoA, the rate-limiting step in fatty acid synthesis. ACC-beta is thought to control fatty acid oxidation by means of the ability of malonyl-CoA to inhibit carnitine-palmitoyl-CoA transferase I, the rate-limiting step in fatty acid uptake and oxidation by mitochondria. ACC-beta may be involved in the regulation of fatty acid oxidation, rather than fatty acid biosynthesis. There is evidence for the presence of two ACC-beta isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Orthologs
View orthologs and multiple alignments for ACACB

Proteins

acetyl-CoA carboxylase 2 precursor
Refseq ID NP_001084
Protein GI 134142062
UniProt ID O00763
mRNA ID NM_001093
Length 2458
RefSeq Status REVIEWED
MVLLLCLSCLIFSCLTFSWLKIWGKMTDSKPITKSKSEANLIPSQEPFPASDNSGETPQRNGEGHTLPKTPSQAEPASHKGPKDAGRRRNSLPPSHQKPPRNPLSSSDAAPSPELQANGTGTQGLEATDTNGLSSSARPQGQQAGSPSKEDKKQANIKRQLMTNFILGSFDDYSSDEDSVAGSSRESTRKGSRASLGALSLEAYLTTGEAETRVPTMRPSMSGLHLVKRGREHKKLDLHRDFTVASPAEFVTRFGGDRVIEKVLIANNGIAAVKCMRSIRRWAYEMFRNERAIRFVVMVTPEDLKANAEYIKMADHYVPVPGGPNNNNYANVELIVDIAKRIPVQAVWAGWGHASENPKLPELLCKNGVAFLGPPSEAMWALGDKIASTVVAQTLQVPTLPWSGSGLTVEWTEDDLQQGKRISVPEDVYDKGCVKDVDEGLEAAERIGFPLMIKASEGGGGKGIRKAESAEDFPILFRQVQSEIPGSPIFLMKLAQHARHLEVQILADQYGNAVSLFGRDCSIQRRHQKIVEEAPATIAPLAIFEFMEQCAIRLAKTVGYVSAGTVEYLYSQDGSFHFLELNPRLQVEHPCTEMIADVNLPAAQLQIAMGVPLHRLKDIRLLYGESPWGVTPISFETPSNPPLARGHVIAARITSENPDEGFKPSSGTVQELNFRSSKNVWGYFSVAATGGLHEFADSQFGHCFSWGENREEAISNMVVALKELSIRGDFRTTVEYLINLLETESFQNNDIDTGWLDYLIAEKVQAEKPDIMLGVVCGALNVADAMFRTCMTDFLHSLERGQVLPADSLLNLVDVELIYGGVKYILKVARQSLTMFVLIMNGCHIEIDAHRLNDGGLLLSYNGNSYTTYMKEEVDSYRITIGNKTCVFEKENDPTVLRSPSAGKLTQYTVEDGGHVEAGSSYAEMEVMKMIMTLNVQERGRVKYIKRPGAVLEAGCVVARLELDDPSKVHPAEPFTGELPAQQTLPILGEKLHQVFHSVLENLTNVMSGFCLPEPVFSIKLKEWVQKLMMTLRHPSLPLLELQEIMTSVAGRIPAPVEKSVRRVMAQYASNITSVLCQFPSQQIATILDCHAATLQRKADREVFFINTQSIVQLVQRYRSGIRGYMKTVVLDLLRRYLRVEHHFQQAHYDKCVINLREQFKPDMSQVLDCIFSHAQVAKKNQLVIMLIDELCGPDPSLSDELISILNELTQLSKSEHCKVALRARQILIASHLPSYELRHNQVESIFLSAIDMYGHQFCPENLKKLILSETTIFDVLPTFFYHANKVVCMASLEVYVRRGYIAYELNSLQHRQLPDGTCVVEFQFMLPSSHPNRMTVPISITNPDLLRHSTELFMDSGFSPLCQRMGAMVAFRRFEDFTRNFDEVISCFANVPKDTPLFSEARTSLYSEDDCKSLREEPIHILNVSIQCADHLEDEALVPILRTFVQSKKNILVDYGLRRITFLIAQEKEFPKFFTFRARDEFAEDRIYRHLEPALAFQLELNRMRNFDLTAVPCANHKMHLYLGAAKVKEGVEVTDHRFFIRAIIRHSDLITKEASFEYLQNEGERLLLEAMDELEVAFNNTSVRTDCNHIFLNFVPTVIMDPFKIEESVRYMVMRYGSRLWKLRVLQAEVKINIRQTTTGSAVPIRLFITNESGYYLDISLYKEVTDSRSGNIMFHSFGNKQGPQHGMLINTPYVTKDLLQAKRFQAQTLGTTYIYDFPEMFRQALFKLWGSPDKYPKDILTYTELVLDSQGQLVEMNRLPGGNEVGMVAFKMRFKTQEYPEGRDVIVIGNDITFRIGSFGPGEDLLYLRASEMARAEGIPKIYVAANSGARIGMAEEIKHMFHVAWVDPEDPHKGFKYLYLTPQDYTRISSLNSVHCKHIEEGGESRYMITDIIGKDDGLGVENLRGSGMIAGESSLAYEEIVTISLVTCRAIGIGAYLVRLGQRVIQVENSHIILTGASALNKVLGREVYTSNNQLGGVQIMHYNGVSHITVPDDFEGVYTILEWLSYMPKDNHSPVPIITPTDPIDREIEFLPSRAPYDPRWMLAGRPHPTLKGTWQSGFFDHGSFKEIMAPWAQTVVTGRARLGGIPVGVIAVETRTVEVAVPADPANLDSEAKIIQQAGQVWFPDSAYKTAQAVKDFNREKLPLMIFANWRGFSGGMKDMYDQVLKFGAYIVDGLRQYKQPILIYIPPYAELRGGSWVVIDATINPLCIEMYADKESRGGVLEPEGTVEIKFRKKDLIKSMRRIDPAYKKLMEQLGEPDLSDKDRKDLEGRLKAREDLLLPIYHQVAVQFADFHDTPGRMLEKGVISDILEWKTARTFLYWRLRRLLLEDQVKQEILQASGELSHVHIQSMLRRWFVETEGAVKAYLWDNNQVVVQWLEQHWQAGDGPRSTIRENITYLKHDSVLKTIRGLVEENPEVAVDCVIYLSQHISPAERAQVVHLLSTMDSPAST
sig_peptide: 1..16 inference: COORDINATES: ab initio prediction:SignalP:4.0 calculated_mol_wt: 1772 peptide sequence: MVLLLCLSCLIFSCLT

Gene Information

Entrez Gene ID
32
Gene Name
acetyl-CoA carboxylase beta
Gene Symbol
ACACB
Species
Homo sapiens

Gene Ontology (GO Annotations)

GO ID Source Type Description
GO:0005829 TAS:Reactome C cytosol
GO:0005741 TAS:Reactome C mitochondrial outer membrane
GO:0005739 IDA:UniProtKB C mitochondrion
GO:0005634 IDA:UniProtKB C nucleus
GO:0005524 IEA:UniProtKB-KW F ATP binding
GO:0003989 IDA:UniProtKB F acetyl-CoA carboxylase activity
GO:0009374 IEA:Ensembl F biotin binding
GO:0004075 IEA:UniProtKB-EC F biotin carboxylase activity
GO:0046872 IEA:UniProtKB-KW F metal ion binding
GO:0006084 IDA:UniProtKB P acetyl-CoA metabolic process
GO:0006768 TAS:Reactome P biotin metabolic process
GO:0006853 TAS:Reactome P carnitine shuttle
GO:0044255 TAS:Reactome P cellular lipid metabolic process
GO:0006112 TAS:Reactome P energy reserve metabolic process
GO:0006633 IEA:UniProtKB-KW P fatty acid biosynthetic process
GO:2001295 IEA:UniProtKB-UniPathway P malonyl-CoA biosynthetic process
GO:0031325 TAS:Reactome P positive regulation of cellular metabolic process
GO:0051289 IDA:UniProtKB P protein homotetramerization
GO:0042493 IEA:Ensembl P response to drug
GO:0014070 IEA:Ensembl P response to organic cyclic compound
GO:0044281 TAS:Reactome P small molecule metabolic process
GO:0006766 TAS:Reactome P vitamin metabolic process
GO:0006767 TAS:Reactome P water-soluble vitamin metabolic process

KEGG Pathway Links

KEGG Pathway ID Description
hsa04152 AMPK signaling pathway
hsa04920 Adipocytokine signaling pathway

Domain Information

InterPro Annotations

Accession Description
IPR011761 ATP-grasp fold
IPR013815 ATP-grasp fold, subdomain 1
IPR013816 ATP-grasp fold, subdomain 2
IPR013537 Acetyl-CoA carboxylase, central domain
IPR011763 Acetyl-coenzyme A carboxyltransferase, C-terminal
IPR011762 Acetyl-coenzyme A carboxyltransferase, N-terminal
IPR005482 Biotin carboxylase, C-terminal
IPR011764 Biotin carboxylation domain
IPR000089 Biotin/lipoyl attachment
IPR005481 Carbamoyl-phosphate synthase, large subunit, N-terminal
IPR005479 Carbamoyl-phosphate synthetase large subunit-like, ATP-binding domain
IPR000022 Carboxyl transferase
IPR029045 ClpP/crotonase-like domain
IPR016185 Pre-ATP-grasp domain
IPR011054 Rudiment single hybrid motif
IPR011053 Single hybrid motif

UniProt Annotations

Entry Information

Gene Name
acetyl-CoA carboxylase beta
Protein Entry
ACACB_HUMAN
UniProt ID
O00763
Species
Human

Comments

Comment Type Description
Alternative Products Event=Alternative splicing; Named isoforms=3; Name=1; Synonyms=Long; IsoId=O00763-1; Sequence=Displayed; Name=2; Synonyms=Short; IsoId=O00763-2; Sequence=VSP_000547; Name=3 ; Synonyms=ACC2.v2 ; IsoId=O00763-3; Sequence=VSP_057081, VSP_057082;
Biophysicochemical Properties Kinetic parameters: KM=120 uM for ATP ; KM=110 uM for ATP (isoform 2) ; KM=58 uM for acetyl-CoA ; KM=94 uM for acetyl-CoA (isoform 3) ; KM=6.5 mM for NaHCO3 (isoform 3) ; KM=3.0 mM for NaHCO(3) ;
Biotechnology Inhibition of ACACB may prevent lipid-induced insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes, making the enzyme a potential pharmaceutical target for treatment of obesity and type 2 diabetes.
Catalytic Activity ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO(3)(-) = ADP + phosphate + malonyl-CoA. {ECO
Catalytic Activity ATP + biotin-[carboxyl-carrier-protein] + CO(2) = ADP + phosphate + carboxy-biotin-[carboxyl-carrier- protein].
Cofactor Name=Mn(2+); Xref=ChEBI
Cofactor Name=biotin; Xref=ChEBI
Enzyme Regulation Activity is increased by oligomerization. Activated by citrate. Citrate and MID1IP1 promote oligomerization. Inhibited by malonyl-CoA. {ECO
Function Catalyzes the ATP-dependent carboxylation of acetyl-CoA to malonyl-CoA. Carries out three functions: biotin carboxyl carrier protein, biotin carboxylase and carboxyltransferase. Involved in inhibition of fatty acid and glucose oxidation and enhancement of fat storage (By similarity). May play a role in regulation of mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation through malonyl- CoA-dependent inhibition of carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (By similarity). {ECO
Interaction P50747:HLCS; NbExp=4; IntAct=EBI-2211739, EBI-3915568;
Pathway Lipid metabolism; malonyl-CoA biosynthesis; malonyl-CoA from acetyl-CoA
Ptm Phosphorylated by AMPK, leading to inactivation of the enzyme. Required for the maintenance of skeletal muscle lipid and glucose homeostasis (By similarity).
Sequence Caution Sequence=AAB58382.1; Type=Miscellaneous discrepancy; Note=Many Frameshifts and conflicts.; Evidence= ; Sequence=CAE01470.2; Type=Erroneous translation; Note=Wrong choice of CDS.; Evidence= ;
Similarity Contains 1 ATP-grasp domain. {ECO
Similarity Contains 1 biotin carboxylation domain.
Similarity Contains 1 biotinyl-binding domain.
Similarity Contains 1 carboxyltransferase domain.
Subcellular Location Mitochondrion . Nucleus . Endomembrane system. Note=May associate with membranes.
Subunit Monomer, homodimer, and homotetramer. Can form filamentous polymers. Interacts with MID1IP1; interaction with MID1IP1 promotes oligomerization and increases its activity.
Tissue Specificity Widely expressed with highest levels in heart, skeletal muscle, liver, adipose tissue, mammary gland, adrenal gland and colon (PubMed:9099716). Isoform 3 is expressed in skeletal muscle, adipose tissue and liver (at protein level) (PubMed:19190759). Isoform 3 is detected at high levels in adipose tissue with lower levels in heart, liver, skeletal muscle and testis (PubMed:19190759). {ECO

Identical and Related Proteins

Unique RefSeq proteins for LMP006663 (as displayed in Record Overview)

Protein GI Database Accession Length Protein Name
134142062 RefSeq NP_001084 2458 acetyl-CoA carboxylase 2 precursor

Identical Sequences to LMP006663 proteins

Reference Database Accession Length Protein Name
GI:134142062 GenBank AAI72264.1 2458 Acetyl-Coenzyme A carboxylase beta, partial [synthetic construct]
GI:134142062 GenBank AAI72569.1 2458 Acetyl-Coenzyme A carboxylase beta [synthetic construct]
GI:134142062 RefSeq XP_005253933.1 2458 PREDICTED: acetyl-CoA carboxylase 2 isoform X1 [Homo sapiens]
GI:134142062 RefSeq XP_006719428.1 2458 PREDICTED: acetyl-CoA carboxylase 2 isoform X5 [Homo sapiens]
GI:134142062 SwissProt O00763.3 2458 RecName: Full=Acetyl-CoA carboxylase 2; AltName: Full=ACC-beta; Includes: RecName: Full=Biotin carboxylase; Flags: Precursor [Homo sapiens]

Related Sequences to LMP006663 proteins

Reference Database Accession Length Protein Name
GI:134142062 EMBL CAE01471.3 2458 Acetyl-CoA carboxylase 2 [Homo sapiens]
GI:134142062 GenBank EAW97853.1 2458 acetyl-Coenzyme A carboxylase beta, isoform CRA_b [Homo sapiens]
GI:134142062 GenBank AGB64442.1 2458 Sequence 2 from patent US 8288405
GI:134142062 GenBank AGM84073.1 2458 Sequence 18 from patent US 8389207
GI:134142062 GenBank AGU38008.1 2458 Sequence 2 from patent US 8507681
GI:134142062 GenBank AHD75421.1 2458 Sequence 17184 from patent US 8586006