Gene/Proteome Database (LMPD)
Proteins
| indolepyruvate decarboxylase 5 | |
|---|---|
| Refseq ID | NP_013235 |
| Protein GI | 6323163 |
| UniProt ID | P16467 |
| mRNA ID | NM_001182021 |
| Length | 563 |
| MSEITLGKYLFERLSQVNCNTVFGLPGDFNLSLLDKLYEVKGMRWAGNANELNAAYAADGYARIKGMSCIITTFGVGELSALNGIAGSYAEHVGVLHVVGVPSISSQAKQLLLHHTLGNGDFTVFHRMSANISETTAMITDIANAPAEIDRCIRTTYTTQRPVYLGLPANLVDLNVPAKLLETPIDLSLKPNDAEAEAEVVRTVVELIKDAKNPVILADACASRHDVKAETKKLMDLTQFPVYVTPMGKGAIDEQHPRYGGVYVGTLSRPEVKKAVESADLILSIGALLSDFNTGSFSYSYKTKNIVEFHSDHIKIRNATFPGVQMKFALQKLLDAIPEVVKDYKPVAVPARVPITKSTPANTPMKQEWMWNHLGNFLREGDIVIAETGTSAFGINQTTFPTDVYAIVQVLWGSIGFTVGALLGATMAAEELDPKKRVILFIGDGSLQLTVQEISTMIRWGLKPYIFVLNNNGYTIEKLIHGPHAEYNEIQGWDHLALLPTFGARNYETHRVATTGEWEKLTQDKDFQDNSKIRMIEVMLPVFDAPQNLVKQAQLTAATNAKQ | |
Gene Information
Entrez Gene ID
Gene Name
indolepyruvate decarboxylase 5
Gene Symbol
Species
Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288c
Gene Ontology (GO Annotations)
| GO ID | Source | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0005737 | IEA:UniProtKB-KW | C | cytoplasm |
| GO:0005634 | IDA:SGD | C | nucleus |
| GO:0047433 | IMP:SGD | F | branched-chain-2-oxoacid decarboxylase activity |
| GO:0000287 | IEA:InterPro | F | magnesium ion binding |
| GO:0004737 | IDA:SGD | F | pyruvate decarboxylase activity |
| GO:0030976 | IEA:InterPro | F | thiamine pyrophosphate binding |
| GO:0006559 | IGI:SGD | P | L-phenylalanine catabolic process |
| GO:0000949 | IGI:SGD | P | aromatic amino acid family catabolic process to alcohol via Ehrlich pathway |
| GO:0009083 | IEA:UniProtKB-KW | P | branched-chain amino acid catabolic process |
| GO:0019655 | IDA:SGD | P | glucose catabolic process to ethanol |
| GO:0006090 | IDA:SGD | P | pyruvate metabolic process |
| GO:0006569 | IGI:SGD | P | tryptophan catabolic process |
KEGG Pathway Links
| KEGG Pathway ID | Description |
|---|---|
| sce01110 | Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites |
| ko00010 | Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis |
| sce00010 | Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis |
| sce01100 | Metabolic pathways |
BIOCYC Pathway Links
| BIOCYC Pathway ID | Description |
|---|---|
| PWY-6333 | acetaldehyde biosynthesis |
| PWY3O-440 | acetoin biosynthesis III |
| PWY3O-440 | acetoin biosynthesis III |
| PWY-7396 | butanol and isobutanol biosynthesis (engineered) |
| PWY3O-4109 | isoleucine degradation |
| PWY-5078 | isoleucine degradation II |
| PWY-5078 | isoleucine degradation II |
| PWY-5079 | phenylalanine degradation |
| ANAPHENOXI-PWY | phenylalanine degradation II (anaerobic) |
| PWY-5079 | phenylalanine degradation III |
| PWY-5768 | pyruvate fermentation to acetate VIII |
| PWY-5486 | pyruvate fermentation to ethanol II |
| PWY-5486 | pyruvate fermentation to ethanol II |
| PWY-7111 | pyruvate fermentation to isobutanol (engineered) |
| PWY3O-981 | superpathway of acetoin and butanediol biosynthesis |
| PWY-5081 | tryptophan degradation VIII (to tryptophol) |
| PWY-5081 | tryptophan degradation VIII (to tryptophol) |
| PWY-5057 | valine degradation |
| PWY-5057 | valine degradation II |
Domain Information
InterPro Annotations
| Accession | Description |
|---|---|
| IPR029035 | DHS-like NAD/FAD-binding domain |
| IPR000399 | TPP-binding enzyme, conserved site |
| IPR029061 | Thiamin diphosphate-binding fold |
| IPR012110 | Thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP)-dependent enzyme |
| IPR011766 | Thiamine pyrophosphate enzyme, C-terminal TPP-binding |
| IPR012001 | Thiamine pyrophosphate enzyme, N-terminal TPP-binding domain |
| IPR012000 | Thiamine pyrophosphate enzyme, central domain |
UniProt Annotations
Entry Information
Gene Name
indolepyruvate decarboxylase 5
Protein Entry
PDC5_YEAST
UniProt ID
Species
Yeast (S288c)
Comments
| Comment Type | Description |
|---|---|
| Biotechnology | Fusel oils and acyloins are important flavor and aroma compounds in yeast-fermented products contributing to the quality of beverages and food, e.g. fusel oils in whiskey, contrary to common believe, seem to alleviate hangover. In general they are desirable at low concentrations, whereas high concentrations may spoil the product. By adjusting growth conditions and substrate their production is sought to be influenced. Due to their broad substrate tolerance pyruvate decarboxylases are important biocatalysts for chemoenzymatic syntheses, both by fermentation and in vitro, e.g. in the production of ephedrine, vitamin E, or phenylethanol (rose flavor) |
| Biotechnology | Fusel oils and acyloins are important flavor and aroma compounds in yeast-fermented products contributing to the quality of beverages and food, e.g. fusel oils in whiskey, contrary to common believe, seem to alleviate hangover. In general they are desirable at low concentrations, whereas high concentrations may spoil the product. By adjusting growth conditions and substrate their production is sought to be influenced. Due to their broad substrate tolerance pyruvate decarboxylases are important biocatalysts for chemoenzymatic syntheses, both by fermentation and in vitro, e.g. in the production of ephedrine, vitamin E, or phenylethanol (rose flavor). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:9655924}. |
| Catalytic Activity | 3-(indol-3-yl)pyruvate = 2-(indol-3- yl)acetaldehyde + CO(2). |
| Catalytic Activity | A 2-oxo acid + an aldehyde = A 2-hydroxy ketone + CO(2). |
| Catalytic Activity | A 2-oxo acid = an aldehyde + CO(2). |
| Catalytic Activity | An aldehyde + an aldehyde = A 2-hydroxy ketone. |
| Catalytic Activity | Phenylpyruvate = phenylacetaldehyde + CO(2). |
| Catalytic Activity | Pyruvate = Acetaldehyde + CO(2). |
| Cofactor | Name=Mg(2+); Xref=ChEBI:CHEBI:18420; Evidence= ; Note=Binds 1 Mg(2+) per subunit. ; |
| Cofactor | Name=Mg(2+); Xref=ChEBI:CHEBI:18420; Evidence={ECO:0000250}; Note=Binds 1 Mg(2+) per subunit. {ECO:0000250}; |
| Cofactor | Name=thiamine diphosphate; Xref=ChEBI:CHEBI:58937; Evidence={ECO:0000250}; Note=Binds 1 thiamine pyrophosphate per subunit. {ECO:0000250}; |
| Cofactor | Name=thiamine diphosphate; Xref=ChEBI:CHEBI:58937; Evidence= ; Note=Binds 1 thiamine pyrophosphate per subunit. ; |
| Enzyme Regulation | Allosterically activated by substrate. |
| Function | Second most abundant of three pyruvate decarboxylases (PDC1, PDC5, PDC6) implicated in the nonoxidative conversion of pyruvate to acetaldehyde and carbon dioxide during alcoholic fermentation. Most of the produced acetaldehyde is subsequently reduced to ethanol, but some is required for cytosolic acetyl-CoA production for biosynthetic pathways. The enzyme is also one of five 2-oxo acid decarboxylases (PDC1, PDC5, PDC6, ARO10, and THI3) able to decarboxylate more complex 2-oxo acids (alpha-keto-acids) than pyruvate, which seem mainly involved in amino acid catabolism. Here the enzyme catalyzes the decarboxylation of amino acids, which, in a first step, have been transaminated to the corresponding 2-oxo acids. In a third step, the resulting aldehydes are reduced to alcohols, collectively referred to as fusel oils or alcohols. Its preferred substrates are the transaminated amino acids valine, isoleucine, phenylalanine, and tryptophan, whereas leucine is no substrate. In a side-reaction the carbanionic intermediate (or active aldehyde) generated by decarboxylation or by activation of an aldehyde can react with an aldehyde via condensation (or carboligation) yielding a 2-hydroxy ketone, collectively called acyloins. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10231381, ECO:0000269|PubMed:10234824, ECO:0000269|PubMed:10338141, ECO:0000269|PubMed:10753893, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11141278, ECO:0000269|PubMed:12499363, ECO:0000269|PubMed:12902239, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9341119, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9748245}. |
| Induction | Protein expression is strongly induced by high concentrations of fermentable carbon sources, under anaerobic growth conditions, and by thiamine limitation, but is repressed by the presence of PDC1 (independent of its catalytic activity) and thiamine. |
| Miscellaneous | Present with 471316 molecules/cell in log phase SD medium |
| Miscellaneous | Present with 471316 molecules/cell in log phase SD medium. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:14562106}. |
| Pathway | Amino-acid degradation; Ehrlich pathway. |
| Pathway | Fermentation; ethanol fermentation. |
| Similarity | Belongs to the TPP enzyme family |
| Similarity | Belongs to the TPP enzyme family. {ECO:0000305}. |
| Subcellular Location | Cytoplasm . Nucleus . |
| Subcellular Location | Cytoplasm {ECO:0000269|PubMed:14562095}. Nucleus {ECO:0000269|PubMed:14562095}. |
| Subunit | Homotetramer. |
Identical and Related Proteins
Unique RefSeq proteins for LMP006916 (as displayed in Record Overview)
| Protein GI | Database | Accession | Length | Protein Name |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 6323163 | RefSeq | NP_013235 | 563 | indolepyruvate decarboxylase 5 |
Identical Sequences to LMP006916 proteins
| Reference | Database | Accession | Length | Protein Name |
|---|
Related Sequences to LMP006916 proteins
| Reference | Database | Accession | Length | Protein Name |
|---|